Page Title: HealthyWA, Western Australian Department of Health

Page Description: HealthyWA – Health information for Western Australians from the WA Department of Health.

Page Keywords: healthywa, healthy wa, health information, consumer information, health and wellbeing, health and wellbeing, about health, health in WA, Perth, health and wellbeing, health information western australia, western australia, department of health, department of health wa, wa department of health, western australian department of health, WA Health, Western Australian health, DOH, health info, government of western australia, wa doh,

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Syphilis cases are increasing in WA – get tested   Register a positive RAT   COVID-19 (coronavirus)   Roll up for WA   Roll up for WA What's popular... GP Urgent Care  Topics   Emergency  Medical advice 

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Sitemap  Topics   Topics 

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Page Title: Accessibility

Page Description: Accessibility statement for the Healthy WA website.

Page Keywords: accessibility statement, accessibility

Page Text: Accessibility Accessibility At WA Health we aim to ensure that the content on this website is accessible to the widest possible audience. This means providing access to people: with disabilities who may use assistive technologies with slower internet connections using mobile devices using older computers. This website has been designed to meet the State Government’s Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) 2.0 to AA level. We will continue to improve our site to meet accessibility standards into the future. Please contact us if you have any feedback or are having difficulties with our site at healthywa@health.wa.gov.au

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Accessibility  Topics   Topics 

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Page Title: Contact us

Page Description: Contact details for WA Health Department, where to get help

Page Keywords: contact, help, contact us, compliment, complaint, complaints, complain, feedback, recommendation, suggestion, website, web, contact, contact details, phone number, email, address, mail, mailing, postal, National Relay Service, patient, query, enquiry, outpatient appointments, medical records, health services, help lines, National Health Services Directory, NHSD, ordering publications, WA Health Online Publications Ordering System, careers

Page Text: Please note: The Department of Health has a duty of care to maintain patient confidentiality and will not disclose information to any individual unless they are directly involved in the health care of the patient. Outpatient appointments To cancel or reschedule an outpatient appointment call: Outpatient Direct 1300 855 275 – National Relay Service callers 13 36 77. Medical records To access the medical records of yourself or another person regarding treatment received at a WA Health hospital or health service you will need to lodge an application form via the Freedom of Information (FOI) process. Medical records from private practices These are owned by the medical practitioner (if it is a solo practice) or the practice (if the doctor is part of a corporate medical practice). WA Health cannot help with these. You may wish to contact Australian Health Practitioner Regulation Agency (external site) which supports the Medical Board of Australia (external site) . Health services and help lines Phone numbers can be found on the emergency and crisis services page. Additional health service information and help line telephone numbers can be found by searching the National Health Services Directory . Website feedback Your feedback will help us improve our website. For feedback about the HealthyWA website please email the team at healthywa@health.wa.gov.au (If your query is about VaccinateWA, SafeWA etc. or a general enquiry please use the online form ). Ordering publications Use our online publications ordering system (external site) to find and order publications. Still need help? Email us with the publication details including title, publication date and HP number if possible (generally found on the back of the publication). Careers For information about WA Health jobs and careers visit the Department of Health website (external site) . Last reviewed: 06-12-2021 This publication is provided for education and information purposes only. It is not a substitute for professional advice. Information about a service, product or treatment does not imply endorsement and is not intended to replace professional advice. Readers should note that over time currency and completeness of the information may change. All users should seek advice from a qualified professional for answers to their questions. Related sites

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Contact us Department of Health  Topics  WA Health hospitals and health services Health and Disability Services Complaints Office (HaDSCO) Care Opinion Outpatient appointments Medical records Still need help? Related sites 

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Page Title: Health conditions

Page Description: Find information about health conditions - browse by topic, body part or A to Z.

Page Keywords: health conditions, disease, diseases, health condition, virus, viruses, illness, sickness, medical condition

Page Text: Browse health conditions from A-Z. If you're unsure of what to look for, try our symptom checker . The information on this page is provided to help you understand and manage your health and medical conditions. It does not replace care provided by medical practitioners and other qualified health professionals. If you need medical advice or are concerned about your health, please: See your doctor Ring healthdirect (external site) on 1800 022 222 Always dial triple zero (000) to call an ambulance in a medical emergency. A-Z of Health conditions

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Health conditions  Topics  A-Z of Health conditions 

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Page Title: Health conditions A to Z

Page Description: Find health conditions articles by A to Z.

Page Keywords: health condition, medical condition, disease, virus, alphabetical, a to z, a-z

Page Text: Health conditions A to Z Health conditions A to Z

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Health conditions A to Z Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) Acute rheumatic fever (ARF) Allergies Alzheimer’s disease Anaemia Anaphylaxis Angina Ankylosing spondylitis Anorexia nervosa Anxiety Arrhythmia Arthritis Asthma Atrial fibrillation Autism Bacterial vaginosis Barmah Forest virus Bipolar disorder Bleeding Blocked milk ducts Blood-borne viruses Bone fractures and dislocations Botulism Bowel cancer Breast cancer Bronchiolitis Bulimia Campylobacter Cancer Candida auris Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) Cardiomyopathy Carpal Tunnel Syndrome Cerebral palsy Cervical cancer Chest pain Chickenpox Chlamydia Cholera Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) Coeliac disease Colorectal cancer Colour blindness Complex regional pain syndrome Concussion Constipation Coronary heart disease COVID-19 (coronavirus) Cryptosporidiosis Cystic fibrosis Cystitis Deafness Decompression illness Deep vein thrombosis Degenerative disorders Depression Dermatitis Diabetes Diarrhoea Diphtheria Eating disorders Ebolavirus disease (EVD) Ectopic pregnancy Eczema Engorgement Epilepsy Eye conditions Familial hypercholesterolaemia Febrile convulsions Fibromyalgia Flu (influenza) Food poisoning Gastroenteritis (gastro) Genetic conditions Genital herpes Genital warts German measles (rubella) Glaucoma Gonorrhoea Gum disease Gynaecological cancer Hand, foot and mouth disease Hay fever Head lice Headache Healthcare associated infection (HAIs) Heart attack Heart conditions Heart failure Heat stress Heat stroke Hepatitis A Hepatitis B Hepatitis C Herpes High blood pressure High cholesterol HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) Human papilloma virus (HPV) Hyperthyroidism Hyphaema Hypothyroidism Immunisation Impetigo (school sores) Infectious diseases Influenza (flu) Japanese encephalitis Kidney stones Kunjin viruses Lactose intolerance Legionnaire's disease Listeria infection (listeriosis) Lymphogranuloma venereum (LGV) Malaria Mastitis Measles Melanoma Meningitis Meningococcal disease Mental illness Methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus - MRSA Miscarriage Molluscum contagiosum Morning sickness Mosquito-borne diseases Motor neurone disease (MND) Multiple sclerosis Murray Valley encephalitis Neurological disorders Non-specific urethritis (NSU) Norovirus Nose bleeds Obesity Obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) Osteoarthritis Osteoporosis Ovarian cancer Overweight Palpitations Paratyphoid Parkinson's disease Parvovirus (slapped cheek syndrome) Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) Phobias Pneumococcal disease Pneumonia Postnatal depression Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) Pregnancy loss Prostate cancer Pubic lice Q fever Rabies Rare diseases Rehabilitation Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) Rheumatoid arthritis Ross River virus Rubella (German measles) Salmonella Scabies Scarlet fever Scoliosis Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) Shiga toxin producing E. coli (STEC) Shigellosis Shingles Skin cancer Skin lesion Slapped cheek syndrome (parvovirus) Sprain Staph (Staphylococcus aureus) Stomach pain Stroke Syphilis Testicular conditions Tetanus Threadworms Thrush Thyroid Tonsillitis Tooth decay Trauma Trichomoniasis Tuberculosis (TB) Typhoid Undescended testicles Urinary conditions Vancomycin-resistant Enterococci (VRE) Varicella Viral meningitis Viruses Vomiting Weight management Wheezing Whooping cough (pertussis) Wounds Yellow fever Zika virus  Topics   Topics 

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Page Title: Amoebic meningitis

Page Description: Amoebic meningitis is a disease that causes inflammation and eventual destruction of the brain and brain linings. It is rare but usually fatal.

Page Keywords: Amoebic meningitis, meningitis, amebic meningitis, Naegleria fowleri, waterborne, water, swimming, swimming pool, swimming pools, Environmental Health, warm water, fresh water, disease, nose, brain, amoeba, primary amoebic, meningoencephalitis

Page Text: Amoebic meningitis Amoebic meningitis Amoebic meningitis may occur if water containing active amoebae goes up the nose. (Children are most at risk.) The disease is rare but usually fatal. It causes inflammation and eventual destruction of the brain and brain linings. Attend a hospital emergency room urgently if you suspect anyone has contracted amoebic meningitis. Amoebic meningitis is caused by a single-celled amoeba that lives in fresh water and damp soil. The amoeba, Naegleria fowleri, can survive in soil for a long time and still reactivate when put in fresh water. Terms explained Amoeba – a tiny single-celled organism. Amoebic meningitis is also known as primary amoebic meningoencephalitis (or PAM). How do you get amoebic meningitis? Amoebic meningitis occurs only if water containing active amoebae goes up the nose. The amoebae can then make their way up the nerves to the brain. When water containing active amoebae enters the nose, the amoebae travel to the brain causing inflammation and destruction of brain tissue. The Naegleria fowleri amoeba is naturally occurring in the environment and cannot be eradicated. Children and young adults are usually the most susceptible to the infection, although it can occur at any age. You cannot catch amoebic meningitis from another person or by drinking the water. Where do you find Naegleria fowleri amoeba? Naegleria fowleri is a naturally occurring organism, so any natural fresh water body, water that has not been disinfected with chlorine or water that has been poorly treated could contain it. They are too small to be visible to the naked eye. The amoebae are most active in water temperatures between 28° and 40°C. Therefore any warm, fresh water could potentially contain Naegleria fowleri amoeba – you can get amoebic meningitis from: unchlorinated or incorrectly chlorinated fresh water, including tap drinking water or bore water warm inland waters such as dams, lakes, geothermal water (hot springs) or waterholes, even if the water looks clear and clean water piped above ground for long distances without proper treatment garden hoses and sprinklers containing warm or stagnant water nasal irrigation with contaminated water. The amoebae will not grow in salty water (above 2 per cent salt), such as sea water and river estuaries. Correct use of chlorine in swimming pools and spas will also stop the amoebae growing. What are the signs and symptoms? The following symptoms usually occur within 5 days (between 1 to 7 days) of infection: severe and persistent headache drowsiness coma. Similar symptoms can occur in many other conditions, including viral and bacterial forms of meningitis. For the most part these other conditions are less severe than amoebic meningitis and more common. How do I know if someone has amoebic meningitis? Diagnosis must be made by a medical professional. See a doctor or attend a hospital emergency room urgently if you suspect anyone has contracted amoebic meningitis or has the above symptoms. Make sure you advise the doctor of any incident where you believe water may have gone up the nose. How is amoebic meningitis treated? Amoebic meningitis is usually untreatable, with almost all cases resulting in death, but there is a small chance of successful treatment with antibiotics if the diagnosis is made at a very early stage. How can amoebic meningitis be prevented? Be careful when swimming, diving, water-skiing or jet-skiing in fresh or natural water bodies that feel warm to the body. Never allow water to go up your nose or a child's nose and do not sniff water into your nose when bathing, showering or washing your face. Run all water from any hose or sprinkler for a few minutes until cool water flows through the hose before letting any child play with water from a hose or sprinkler. Always supervise children playing with hoses or sprinklers and teach them not to squirt water up their noses. If the water in a hose or sprinkler remains warm even after flushing for a few minutes, do not let children play with it. Let bath and shower taps run for a few minutes to flush out the pipes. Never jump or dive into water – walk or lower yourself in. Swim in and play with safe (disinfected) water only. Stay out of dirty pools, waterholes, dams, swimming pools or spas. Disinfect your swimming pool water with chlorine. Chlorine is the most effective way to continually disinfect water as it kills all stages of the amoeba. Keep wading pools clean by emptying, scrubbing and allowing them to dry in the sun after each use. Swim in sea water or properly chlorinated pools rather than fresh water. Do not dig or stir up sediment. Don’t use tap water for nasal irrigation unless it has been further treated. Can water be tested for amoeba? There is no simple or rapid test for detecting amoeba in water. Detecting Naegleria fowleri in water requires specialised testing and equipment. It should be assumed that any warm fresh water body as described above potentially contains the amoeba Naegleria fowleri. How can household water be made safe? Chlorine kills amoeba like Naegleria fowleri and is the most effective way to disinfect your swimming pool, household water tanks or your private water supply. In Western Australia, chlorinated or chloraminated drinking water supplied to urban properties via reticulation pipes connected to a scheme drinking water supply will be safe to drink and use. For rural properties or properties not connected to a scheme drinking water supply, it is essential that the water you use or your children play or bathe in is always chlorinated if it is warmer than 25°C. In most circumstances domestic household water filters or ultra violet treatment systems will not make water safe in relation to amoeba unless you also disinfect with chlorine. No matter where your water is supplied from, water in an outdoor irrigation, fountain, garden hose, misting sprayer or sprinkler system is very susceptible to being colonised by Naegleria if it is warm or still. This water will almost certainly not have enough chlorine in it to reliably kill the amoeba, regardless of whether it is filtered or not or has been chlorinated at the point of supply to your property. Please seek professional advice about chlorination of large scale outdoor water distribution systems on your property. Follow the above safety tips about running all water from any hose or sprinkler for a few minutes until cool water flows through the hose before letting any child play with water from the hose or sprinkler. Then always supervise children playing with hoses or sprinklers and teach them not to squirt water up their noses.

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Amoebic meningitis Where to get help Remember  Topics  Terms explained Where do you find Naegleria fowleri amoeba? How do I know if someone has amoebic meningitis? See also Related sites 

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Page Title: Asthma

Page Description: Asthma is a disease of the airways in the lungs. It affects the small airways which are called bronchioles.

Page Keywords: Asthma, asma, ashma, ashtma, azma, wheezing, puffers, triggers, wheezing, coughing, asthma attack, eczema, hay fever, shortness of breath, tight chest, vomiting, vomitting,

Page Text: Asthma All severe or life threatening asthma attacks require urgent medical attention. Always dial triple zero (000) to call an ambulance in a medical emergency, then follow the asthma first aid plan. The common signs of asthma are coughing and wheezing. People have different triggers for asthma such as having a cold, influenza and exercise. Asthma is a disease of the airways in the lungs. It affects the small airways which are called bronchioles. About 1 in 9 children and about 1 in 10 adults in Australia have asthma. Children with asthma have 'twitchy' or sensitive airways. During an asthma attack the airways become narrow and: the muscles in the airways squeeze tightly the lining of the airway becomes red and swollen the airways produce a lot of mucus. What causes asthma attacks? Asthma is triggered by a variety of things, such as colds, smoke, exercise and food. Some people will have a lot of triggers, while others may only react to one or two items. A history of asthma, eczema or hay fever in your family increases your chances of developing asthma. Cigarette smoke exposure (passive smoking) can not only trigger an asthma attack, but can also cause children to be more likely to develop asthma than if they had not been exposed to smoke. Read more about asthma triggers . What are the signs and symptoms? Coughing – may be a dry cough at first. Wheezing – a whistling or high pitched sound which may be heard as someone tries to push air out of their narrow tight airways. More about wheezing. Shortness of breath – breathing may become quicker and shallow, leading to long, forced breaths out. Tight chest – younger children may describe this as tummy ache, due to the extra work of the ’tummy’ muscle (diaphragm) to help breathing. Vomiting – in some asthma attacks, a child may vomit. Worsening asthma This may take a few hours to a couple of days to develop. You may notice: sucking in around the ribs, tummy or throat continuous coughing increased effort to breathe problems talking because they are so short of breath. Early treatment may stop the attack from getting worse. Worsening asthma requires prompt treatment. See asthma medications and inhaler devices . Asthma attack severity guide Able to speak in sentences. Moderate Obvious difficulty breathing (sucking in at tummy or throat). Only able to speak a few words at a time. Severe Unable to speak more than single words. Working very hard to breathe. Sucking in at the throat and tummy a lot. Life threatening Pale, blue around the lips. No wheeze heard. All severe or life threatening asthma attacks require urgent medical attention. Always dial triple zero (000) to call an ambulance in a medical emergency, then follow the asthma first aid plan . How is asthma diagnosed? A diagnosis of likely asthma is based on: multiple wheezing episodes (you can have 2 to 3 wheezy episodes and not be diagnosed with asthma) family history of asthma, eczema or hay fever the cough and wheeze improve with asthma reliever medication (blue puffer). Is your asthma under control? See your doctor to look at ways of getting better control of your asthma if you have any of the following symptoms when you feel well: coughing at night chest tightness first thing in the morning waking up tired or falling asleep during the day cough or wheeze with exercise unable to keep up with others when you exercise due to asthma using reliever medication (blue puffer) more than twice a week, not including before exercise missing school or work because of asthma requiring multiple GP/hospital visits because of asthma symptoms requiring multiple courses of oral steroids to treat severe attacks. Asthma first aid plan All severe or life threatening asthma attacks require urgent medical attention. Always dial triple zero (000) to call an ambulance in a medical emergency, then: Sit the person upright and reassure them. Do not leave them alone. Give one puff of the blue reliever medication. Take 4 breaths in and out. Use the puffer on its own if no spacer is available. Repeat 3 times, so that you have given a total of 4 puffs. Wait 4 minutes. Keep giving the blue reliever medication one puff at a time until the ambulance arrives. Where to get help See your doctor Ring healthdirect on 1800 022 222 You can take advantage of Asthma WA's free Asthma and COPD Telehealth service (external site) for education and support. This service is provided across metropolitan and regional Western Australia. For more information phone 1800 278 462 and ask for this service. Acknowledgements Child and Adolescent Health Service – Community Health (CAHS CH) This publication is provided for education and information purposes only. It is not a substitute for professional medical care. Information about a therapy, service, product or treatment does not imply endorsement and is not intended to replace advice from your healthcare professional. Readers should note that over time currency and completeness of the information may change. All users should seek advice from a qualified healthcare professional for a diagnosis and answers to their medical questions. See also

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Asthma Mild attack Moderate Severe Life threatening Where to get help  Topics  Worsening asthma See also Related sites 

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Page Title: Blood-borne viruses

Page Description: A blood-borne virus (BBV) is a virus that is transmitted by blood or body fluids that contain blood.

Page Keywords: blood-borne virus, BBV, SHBBV, bloodborne virus, blood-borne, bloodborne, Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C, HIV/AIDS, HIV, AIDS, hep b, hep c, blood born,

Page Text: Blood-borne viruses Blood-borne viruses A blood-borne virus (BBV) is a virus that is transmitted by blood or body fluids that contain blood. Blood-borne viruses may be transmitted if blood, semen or vaginal fluids pass from a person who is infected with the virus into the bloodstream of another person via a break in the skin or mucous membrane.

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Blood-borne viruses  Topics  A-Z of Health conditions 

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Page Title: Cancer

Page Description: Information about cancer, including risk factors, types of cancer, support services and treatments.

Page Keywords: Cancer, tumours, benign, malignant, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, hormone therapy, immunotherapy, adjuvant therapy, oncologist

Page Text: Cancer Cancer Cancer is a disease of the body’s cells. The body is constantly making new cells to replace worn-out ones, to grow, or to heal itself after an injury. Normally cells grow and reproduce themselves in an orderly way. Occasionally, however, some cells reproduce themselves in an uncontrolled way and these abnormal cells may grow into a lump that is called a tumour. Tumours can be benign (not a cancer) or malignant (a cancer). Benign tumours do not spread to other parts of the body. A malignant tumour is made up of cancer cells. These cells can spread beyond the area where the cancer first developed. If not treated the cancer cells may invade and destroy surrounding tissues. Sometimes cells break away from the original (primary) cancer and are carried to other parts of the body. When these cancer cells reach a different part of the body they may continue to grow and form another cancer at that site. This is called a secondary cancer or metastasis. It is important to understand that cancer is not a single disease with a single type of treatment. There are more than 200 different kinds of cancer, each with their own name and treatment.

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Cancer  Topics  A-Z of Health conditions 

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https://www.healthywa.wa.gov.au/~/media/Images/HealthyWA/Logos/healthywa_logo.png
https://www.healthywa.wa.gov.au/images/HealthyWA/xs-logo-gov-footer.png

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